Type-writing machine



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.:

J. A. LEY.

TYPE WRI MAG E.

110,317,371. f P ma May 5, 1885.

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I l J. A. KALB-Y.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. I No. 317,371. Patented May 5, 1885.

I @a ad Z3 WIT/VESSES ffl l l/VVENTOI? 06am/MQ li/Z .5" Lw-Ud. MAttorney N4 PETERS. HWI-Mapu'. Vil-inflow. D.,C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN vA. KALEY, OF CAREY, OHIO.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFCATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 317,371, dated May 5,1885.

Application filed SeptcmberQO, 1883. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom t may concern.:

Be it known that I, JOHN A. KALEY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Carey, in the county of Wyandot and State of Ohio,

5 have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Type-Writers, ofwhich the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My improvements in type-writers consist in details of construction, andin the combination, arrangement, and operation of parts, as hereinafterset forth and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating my invention, in the severalfigures of which like parts are similarly designated, Figure l is a topplan view of the machine complete. Fig. 2 is a top plan view on a largerscale, with the bedroller, the top plate, and the type-disk removed.Fig. 3 is a rear elevation in the plane of the line x x, Fig. 2, samescale. Fig. et is a cross-section on the lin'e y y, Fig. 1, same scaleas said Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a bottom plan view of the type-disk; Fig. 6, atop plan view of the disk-operating cam; Fig?, a side clevation of saidcam; Fig. 8, a vertical section of the cam; Fig. 9, top andvsectionalview of the cam-securing washer; Fig. l0, a cross-section of one of theinking-reservoirs; Fig. 11, a detail, partly in section, of a joint forthe key-stem and lever; Fig. 12, a partly-sectional plan view of one endof the roller-carriage, showing its gage and the spring-lock bolt forthe roller-moving lever. Fig. 13 is a crosssection on the line' z,Fig. 1. Fig. 14 is a bottom plan view of one end of the carriage and theadjustable pawl for governing its extent of progression. Fig. 15 is aperspective view of a key or crank tol hold the bed-roller in positionwith relation to the type-disk; Fig. 16, a det-ail elevation ofthebreak-down roller feed-lever, and Fig. 17 is a side elevation of thebell-hammer trippiece. In my invention the types are arranged upon theouter ends of arms radiating from a common center, and as a whole in thegeneral shape of a concave disk, a, of metal. of which a is the hub, a2and ai re-enfeieefs therefor, a4 the type-arms, and a5 a alphabets ofsmall and capital letters, and numerals and punctuation and other marks,arranged in concentric circles at the'outcr ends of the arms, said armsbeing springs. The types may be of rubber cemented to the metal, or theymay be of other material and otherwise attached to the arms, or may beone with the arms. The hub of the disk has an angular orifice, a?, whichmatches an angular seat, b', on the shaft b2 of the typedisk-moving camb, so as to rotate with but not upon said cam-shaft, and the disk isdetachably connected to said shaft and secured in its seat thereon by awasher, c, having cam surfaces or inclines c' c binding againstprojecting pins b b on the cam-shaft b2. The Washer c has notches c2 clcut in it, whereby it is set down upon the disk astride the pins b3 bi,and then, being turned a quarter-turn or so, its camsurfaces c' c passunder said pins and bind there. A forked wrench to t the oppositegrooves, c3 c3, in the washer may be used to operate the washer. By thusarranging the type-disk a number of disks containing a variety of typemay be readily employed on any one machine. The cam proper, b, is aspiralfaced oval plate projecting from the shaft and having a flangededge, b4, forming the acting surfaces of the cam. and slotted verticallyat opposite points of the oval or double ellipse, as at b5 b5. Thecam-shaft b2 is slotted vertically, as at b, fora distance aboutequal tothe height of the cam, and in said slot is arrangedalever, d', pivotedcentrally to the shaft, and jointed at its ends are the horizontalmembers d2 d3, the free ends of which extend out laterally from theshaft and play vertically in the slots b5 b5 of the cam. The shaft b2 ispierced longitudinally in its upper end to receive a gravity-pin, e,rested on or connected with the upper edge of the member d, andsimilarly pierced in its lower end to receive the pin c', and said shaftis stepped at each end to fit in suitable bearings for it. Thearrangement of this mechan ism is such (see Fig. 8) that downwardpressure upon the upper edge of thelower member, d3, will depress it andelevate the member (Il, and upward pressure upon the lower or under edgeof the upper member, cl2, will raise it and depress the lower member, d,and these movements are effected through the type-operating keys, aswill bc hereinafter specified.

Referring to Fig. 4, f is a bridge on the baseplate f', which forms thelower bearing for the cam-shaft, and fl is a segmental plate supportedupon posts f3, arranged in an are of a IOO circle upon the base-platef', and equal in number to half the number of type-keys, and

spaced to admit the passage between them of the type-keys. rlhe plate f2forms a support 5 or stay for the upper end of the cam-shaft,

and the type-disk is secured to said shaft above said plate.

lhe typebperating keys or devices are of `several kinds, and may bedesignated levers lo of the first and third class, and are such in orderto adapt them to the most advantageous disposition of the letters, &c.,in straightlines on the key-board. Thesekey-levers have their ends foroperating the type-disk shaft grouped about such shaft, and the leversthen radiate from this shaft as a center, their ends which have theletter or key stopping at such points,

as stated, as to give arectilinear arrangement ofthe letters or keys inbanks. Those keylevers g whose fulcra g' are at their ends and keys oroperating-knobs g2 between their fulcra and acting ends are providedwith springs g3, which keep their acting ends elevated and in positionto act, when depressed, upon the upper` edge of the cam b, and thoselevers h whose fulcra h are between their acting ends and keys h2 havesprings h3, which are arranged to throw said acting ends down, so thatwhen the keys of said levers are depressed their 3o active ends areraised into contact with the under side of the cam. The acting ends ofthese key-levers extend in between the posts f in pairs-one an upperandthe other alower lever-and thus the Series of key-levers are separatedfrom one another in pairs by said posts, and, furthermore, guidedthereby in their movement. The cam is so nicely arranged in its bearingsand its spirality so adjusted that the striking of its surface by thekey or type levers is sufficient to turn said cam to bring the type ofthe key struck in position for the impression of such type upon thepaper, the cam being stopped at the right point by the engagement of thelever of the key .45 struck with the slot in the edge Bange of the cam.The transmission of the blow of the key to the typearm is effectedthrough the member cl2, pin e, and a hammer, i. This hammer is pivotedat 1) over the typedisk 5o upon a hinged shelf, i2, and is a lever ofthe first class. rlhe hinged shelf has a bracket, t, projectingforwardly into the machine and in line with the camshaft, for the upperend of which it forms a stay, and the pin c is by the operation of themember d projected up through this bracket, and striking against saidYhammer t' causes its acting end to give a blow to the type-arm beneathit sul'licient to make the impression of such type upon the paper 6:1beneath it. The type-arms being springs, re-

cover themselves afterlthe key is released. The shelf 2 is hingedto theframe of the machine so that it and its hammer may be turned aside anddisengaged from the type-disk and eamshaft to permit the removal of thetype-disk for repairs or for the substitut-ion of another, or for accessto the internal mechanism. rlhc key board or top of the machine ispreferably arranged in banks or steps, substantially as shown, andthc'key levers radiate from the cam as acentcr to their knobs, as beforestated. Ink is supplied to the types from ink-reservoirs jj, which areremovably arranged in the machine upon dovetail bearings or ways j',brushes jl within the reservoirs serving to convey the ink anddistribute it to the type as the disk is revolved over and in contacttherewith. The flanged ways or guides k 7c receive the carriage lof'tlie paper-roller bed m. The base Z of the carriage fits in theseways or guides, and its edge next the machine is provided with a toothedrack, Z2. To lessen friction, said carriage is mounted on rollers Z3,and to limit its extreme movements it is provided with stops at oppositeends to engage a stop, k2, on'the bedf. One of these stops, Z, isfrictionally though movably held on the base Z', and can be moved to bethrown out of line of the stop k2, so as to allow of the entire removalof the carriage from its ways.

To limit the movement of the roller within its extremes-as for printinga short line or on a narrow sh'ltct Iprovide an adjustable cam` lever,n, provided with a carrying-frame, n', on a rod, azi/extendinglongitudinally of and supported in the carriage, so that by moving theframe and lever along the rod to a point where the desired length ofline may be obtained. the cam-lever is so turned as to bind through itscarrying-frame upon the rod, and be thereby held at that point, and inthe traverse of the roller-carriage said cam-lever will come in contactwith the pin n3 on the way 7c, and the motion of the carriage be therebyarrested. It will be noticed that this cam-lever binds for motion inboth directions. The roller mis of the usual rubber pattern, and isprovided at one end with a feed-ratchet, m', operable in eitherdirection by a reversible gravity or spring pawl, o, which rests uponand slides over the ratchet, and is pivoted to a lever, o, which has ahand-piece, o2. This hand-piece is secured to the lever o by a slipjointof any suitable construction, whereby it may be folded more compactlyfor storage. Such a joint may composed of a slotted tenon, o3, on thehandle, (see Fig. 16,) provided with a pin, o", the tenon fitting in asocket, o, in the lever o', and having a cavity for the pin o", and thehandle and lever secured by a transverse pin, 06, passing through theslot in the tenon and fixed in the lever, and allowing a longitudinalmovement of the handle equal to the length of the pin o, which movementis sufficient to permit the withdrawal and insertion of the pin withrespect to the socket-cavity, and consequently the folding of the handleor its rigid alignment with the lever o. This device I designate abreakdown handle.7 The extent of movement or rotation of the roller bythe engagement of the pawl with the ratchet is controlled by a governor,m2, which is a cam-like device pivoted and frictionally held to the headm3 of the car- IOO riage and movable toward and from the roller, so asto-vary the length of throw the lever may receive, and thereby regulatethe number of teeth, or the distance the roller may be moved bythe pawlin each movement of the lever, and thus the distance between the linesof printing. In Fig. 13 this governor is shown in that position inwhichV the lever o has its greatest extent of movement, and it isobvious that if the said governor have its free end turned up toward thelever said lever cannot descend beyond the point occupied by said end ofthe governor. The pawl o is made reversible,in order to provide for thecontingency of returning the paper, instead of forwarding it, as tocorrect errors, duc. Referring to Fig. 13, it will be observed that thehandle o2 is simply a lever pivoted on the shaft of the roller, butmovable independently of said roller. New, in order to reverse the paw]o,if the handle be moved on its pivot in the direction of arrow 1 tillthe upper edge (manlicdzqf) of said pawl comes next the tooth just abovethe tooth with which said pawl is shown in full lines engaged, then saidpawl can beswung around or rotated on its pivot into the dotted-lineposition, when it is operable to rotate the bed-roller in the oppositedirection. This reversal of the pawl can-be effected, because, when thehandle is moved in the direction indicated by arrow 1, it lifts the pawlwith it, and when lifted sufciently the distance between the pawls pivotand the lower end of the edge o6 is less than the distance between thepawls pivot and the point of the tooth on which it rested. After thehandle and its pawl have been used to rotate the bed-roller in thisposition, the handle may be lowered and allowed to rest upon the cam m2while the writing or correction proceeds. In some positions of thebed-rolleroperating mechanism the pawlo will not automatically engagethe teeth of the ratchet m; and when in said positions the linger isused to place and hold said pawl against the ratchet until by moving`the handle-it engages a tooth. lThe roller isineased next the machine bya metallic shield, m4, which shield also serves as a guide for thepaper.

'm5 is a movable hold-down and gage for the paper, swung on the shaft ofthe roller and movable concentrieally with the surface of the roller.This gage is swung back as far underneath the printing-disk as it willgo to permit the insertion and removal of the paper. Its forwardmovement is li mited by a pin or other stop, Z5, Fig. 1.

m6 is a spring pin or bolt arranged transversely of and in the head mofthe roller-carriage to limit the range of movement toward the machineof the rollerfeeding lever o o ol when in use, and to lock it up betweenitself and the shield m* (see Fig. 1) within the compass of the machinewhen it is disjointed for storage.

The mechanism for imparting a progressive stepbystep feed to theroller-'carriage consists of a lever, p, suitably fulcrumed, and

having its free or power end provided with a projection, p', extendingunder the bridge f, in which the cam-shaft finds a bearing. Thisprojection p', and consequently the lever p, is kept normally elevatedby a spring, p2, Figs. 2 and 3, and serves to receive the lower pin, e',of the camshaft b2. The lever p is further provided with a iixed tooth,p3, to engage the teeth of the roller-carriage rack, and also with apivoted tooth, p4, moving against a spring, p5, which spring holds saidtooth normally the distance of one rack-tooth from the tooth p3,- but bymeans of the dog p, pivoted to the tooth p", said tooth may be so movedupon its pivot with respect to the spring as that it will be separatedfrom the tooth p the distance of two of the rack-teeth, as indicated inFig. 14. In'this position the spring p5 presses on the corners towardthe pivots of the parts p* and p6, and thereby holds them in position.Now, the movement of the key-levers upon the cam, and the consequentrotation of such cam to eifect the positioning of the types, and themovement of the lever d as a result, not only raises pin e to effect theoperation of the hammer, but at the same time depresses, through itslower member, d, the pin e, audit, striking the end p of the leverp,depresses said lever and causes its teeth p" p4 to so engage the teethof the rack as to cause the advance of the roller the distance or lengthof one or two teeth, just as it may be set. The distance is v'aried inaccordance with the work to be done or the spacing required or the typeused. The tooth p is recovered or 11e-engaged with the rack by thespring pl. The tooth p3 serves as a stop to prevent back motion to suchrack while freely allowing its forward movement. The movement of theroller-carriage is effected by a spring-fusee, q, on the type-writerframe, Fig. l, the chain q of which extends to the handle end of thesame and normally tends to draw the roller toward the other end of themachine, or in the direction of printing. The reversal of the carriageis effected manually, the tooth p being disengaged from the rack by apush-rod, r, suitably supported, provided with a spring, r', to hold itnormally retracted, and operated bya bit, r2, on ahandshaft, r, to pushsaid piece against the tooth p" and throw and hold it out of engagementwith the rack, the spring 1" returning the push-piece when released fromthe handshaft bit, and the spring p5 returning the tooth p4 whenreleased from the push-rod fr. By means of this push-rod 'r and themovable stop Z the roller-carriage may be run wholly out ot' themachine.

The mechanism for automatically notifying the operator when the carriagehas run its length consists of a bell, s, suitably supported and struckby a hammer, s', which is arranged upon a lever-handle, s2, pivoted ats3to the way or guide la. This handle has the right-angled portion s,whiehis then again extended parallel with s2, as the end s. This end sextends longitudinally of and over the guide k', and it IOO IIO

1o from the bell, and when the said swing-piece passes the eXtreme endof the part s4 thebspring 85 forcibly throws the hammer against the bellto sound an alarm, and the swing-piece passes over it in the return ofthe carriage and again drops behind and beneath it. Y

rIhe guides or ways for the carriage are arranged on the bed f on armsz,t,which project beneath the key-board, and are movably held to the bedby pins t t, passed into the bed through slots t2 t2 in the said arms.These arms are provided at their front ends with vertical slotted postst t. A rock-shaft, u, is supported in the front of the machine, or partnext the operator, and has crank-arms a u,with lateral pins thereonwhich engage the slotted posts t t in such manner that when the shaft isrocked its cranks will move the arms and their attached carriage nearerto or farther from the type-disk to bring into line either the inner orouter circle of types on the Atype-arms. The rocking of the shaft isaccomplished by depressing the key u2, the shank or stem of which isattached to the arm a of said Shaft. The spring u", acting against thepin a5 of the shaft, returns said shaft and the carriage to its positionwhen the key is released. The rock-shaft may be locked in eitherposition by the engagement of the crank or key u with the pin u?, thiskey being a vertical shaft set in the framing and having anoperating-handle on the key-board, as indicated at u, Fig. 1, and twobits at opposite edges,(see Fig. 4..) The upper bit engages the said pina7, as shown, in one of the positions of the shaft u, and the lower bitengages it in the other. rIhis latter engagement is made by turning saidlower bit in front of said pin a7 after it has been turned down as faras possible. As the roller-carriage is moved backward and forward therack-operating mechanism must also be moved. For this purpose the leverp is movably supported on the ful` eral pin p7, which passes through ahole in a stud, 198,(see Fig. 3,) 011 the base-plate, and the projectionp slides under the lower end of the pin e. A spring, p", (see Fig. 2,)holds the rack-operating mechanism against the rack of the carriage ineither of the positions of said carriage.

By the employment of the movable carriage and the rock-shaft and itskey, I am enabled to. bring an upper and lower case type writer within avery small compass, and to have the type-disk of small diameter and theparts greatly compacted. W'hen a large disk is used, the key a is set sothat it will engage the pin on the rockshaft and hold the roller inproper relation thereto, and so with the small disk, said key holds theroller similarly, but its position is nearer the keys.

The lever p is operable independently ofthe cam and type-keys, to permitthe arbitrary movement of the roller tooth bytoothe-as for makingspaces. 8vo-by means of thezbell.- crank let er t, pivoted to the posto" and havl ing an arm, t", and knob or push-piece t?.

The keys w w connect the one with a lever@y w, held acting end downbelow the cam by spring, and the other with a lever, w3, held acting endup above the cam by a spring, and these levers act upon the cam, as dothe typekey levers--namely, to turn it; but they are too thick to enterthe slots in the cam, and hence do not actuate the arms of the lever d',their function being to turn the type-disk over the inking-reservoirs toink the types thoronghly,when they may have become dry from disuse,before printing begins. lIhe slots if b5 of the cam are a little to oneside of the apexes of the same, so that the succeeding keylever will notimpede the egress of its predecessor, and will not strike the point ofthe cam as a dead-point.

In Fig. l1 I have shown a simple and preferred way of connecting the keyor knob stems with their levers, the same being insubstanceaknucklejoint, to avoid the use of pins or rivets to make amore durable connection.

In the arrangement of the key-levers in the framing, instead of allbeing levers of either the first 4or third class, it may be necessary tomake some as compound levers to get all within the compass of themachine.

As is entirely obvious, slotted joints may be provided in the keys wherenecessary to get the depression and elevation. The knucklejoint obviatesthis.

The rotation of the typedisk to bring the types into position, asdesired, and to ink them is effected bythe contact of the key-leverswith thc edge-flange of the cam, and the moment said levers successivelystrike theI arms of the lever d in said flange the rotation of thetype-disk is arrested, and said arms are operated to move the pins c c',and through them the type-hammer and the rack pawl or lever p.

The hammer fi, instead of being a lever,may be a springfixedsnbstantially at the point of the pivot er fulcrum of the lever.

The pins t t have heads of less width than the slots t2, and said headsnormally stand lengthwise across said slots, as at the bottom of Fig. 2,to retain the carriage on the bed, but permitting its adjustment, andsaid heads may be turned so that their length shall be longitudinal ofthe slots t2, as shown at the upper end of said Fig. 2, to permit theentire removal of the carriage and its appurtenances.

What I claim is- 1. A type-disk for type-writers, consisting of the diskof plate metal slitted radially, as

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shown, to form spring type-bearing arms,and Y adapted for readyattachment to and detachment from its rotating mechanism, substantiallyas shown and described.

2. The type-disk, its supporting-shaft, and a cam on said shaft,combined with key-levers engaging such cam to rotate the shaft to bringthe desired type into position, substantially as described.

3. The type-disk, its supporting-shaft,a cam on said shaft, andkey-levers engaging such shaft to rotate the shaft to bring the desiredtype into position, combined with the lever d', and its attached arms insaid shaft operated by said key-levers, a pin actuated 'by one of saidarms, and a type-hammer overhanging the type-disk and operated to strikeand depress a type by the raising of said pin by the saidarm,substantially as shown and described.

4. The combination, substantially as shown and described, of a type-diskcomposed of a series of type-bearing arms radiating from a commoncenter, an operatinghammer for said arms, a cam-shaft on which the diskis supported, key-levers'lfor rotating such shaft, a lever, d, and itsattached arms in said shaft operated by said key-levers, a pin in saidshaft actuated by one of said arms to cause the hammer to strike thetype-arm, and-anotherv pin in said shaft actuated bythe other of saidarms to cause the step-by-step progression of the bed-roller as theWriting proceeds. l

5. In a type-Writer having the type-disk and the cam-shaft with thelever d and its attached arms, the combination of the movable bed-rollercarriage provided with a rack-bar, and the lever p, movably supported tofollow the adjustments of the bed-roller carriage and provided with thepivoted tooth pt, and the spring p5 and dog p, to hold the same in itstWo positions, al1 substantially as shown and described.

6.` In a type-Writer, the bed-roller having the ratchet at its end,combined with the breakdown handle and the reversible feed-pawl pivotedthereon, substantially as and for the purpose described.

7. The combinatiomwith the bed-roller feedpawl, of its bolt `or pin forlocking it in position, substantially as described.

8. The combination, With the bed-roller, of its carriage, and a stopwhich can be adj usted to permit the entire Withdrawal of the carriageand roller from its Ways, substantially as described.

9. The keys or knobs and their levers, combined with a connectingknuckle-joint, sub- I stantially as described.

10. The combination, with the type-disk, its cam-shaft and inkingmechanism, of levers engaging such shaft to rotate such disk to ink itstype independently of the key-levers and type-striking mechanism,substantially as described.

11. In a type-Writer, the combination, With the radiating typearms,thecamshaft to bring them into position under the action of the keylevers,of said key-levers, having their knobs or keys arranged in parallelright lines, and their levers radiating from the types as a eenter,substantially as described.

12. In a type-Writing machine having the rotating type-disk,substantially as described, the combination, with the bed-roller, itscarriage, and Ways for such carriage, of the rockshaft a, connected withthe ways of the carriage through the arms t t, and means, substantiallyas shown, to operate said rock-shaft to place the bed-roller under thedifferent sets of type on the type-disk, and a key or crank to engagethe rock-shaft to lock said shaft, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 17th day ofSeptember, A. D. 1883.

JOHN A. KALEY.

Witnesses:

FRANK WALBORN, W. T. DIoKERsoN.

